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INSTRUMENTS |
VOLUME |
PRE
EQ |
PANNING |
|
Kick |
0db |
+3
at 50Hz, +1db at 3Khz, and –3db at |
Center |
|
Snare |
-2db |
Slight
boost around 4kHz |
Center |
|
Bass |
-10db |
|
Center |
Cymbals
|
-25db |
|
2
o’clock |
|
Synth
Pads |
-20db |
|
Hard
left and right |
|
Rhythm
Guitar |
-15db |
|
Mid
right |
|
Percussion |
-20db |
Opposite
Hi Hats |
Off
center |
|
Vocal |
|
|
Center |
|
Keyboards |
|
|
2
o’clock |
|
Guitar |
|
|
10
o’clock |
|
HI
Tom |
|
|
9
o’clock |
|
Mid
Tom |
|
|
10
o’clock |
|
Low
Tom |
|
|
2
o’clock |
|
|
|
|
|
|
STEREO
PANNING |
|
|
|
|
Stereo
Acoustic or Rhythm Guitar |
|
|
Mid–left
& center |
|
Stereo
Keyboard |
|
|
Center
& full-right |
|
Lead
or melody guitar |
|
|
Center&
mid–right |
|
Toms |
|
|
Mid–left
and right |
|
Crashes |
|
|
Mid–left
and right |
|
Hi
Hats |
|
|
Mid–left
and right |
Whole
mix should peak at +3db
No
faders above 0db
If the Kick interferes with the bass cut the low frequency and boost the mid frequency around 250Hz.
PARAMETRIC
EQUALIZER
Parametric EQ allows you to apply EQ at any point
along the frequency spectrum.
The scale of frequencies the human ear is capable of
hearing.
20Hz – 20kHZ
The
frequency spectrum is read by using a logarithmic scale, and is divided in
octaves (doubling of the frequency).
Example: 50Hz, 100Hz, 200Hz, and 400Hz etc.
| 20Hz |
25Hz |
40Hz |
50Hz |
80Hz |
100Hz |
160Hz |
200Hz |
320Hz |
400Hz |
640Hz |
| 800Hz |
1.28kHz |
1.60kHz |
2.56kHz |
3.20kHz |
5.12kHz |
6.40kHz |
10.24kHz |
12kHz |
20kHz |
|
Q is a measurement of how much the equalizer band affects frequencies that will be boosted or reduced. The Q setting will determine the amount of frequencies around the center frequency, which will have a similar amount of boost or reduction.
|
Q Setting |
Bandwidth |
|
0.7 |
2 Octaves |
|
1.0 |
1 1/3 Octaves |
|
1.5 |
1 Octaves |
|
2.9 |
½ Octaves |
The upper and lower frequencies are
defined to be the points at which the cut or boost in question is 3db less
than is being boosted or cut at the center frequency.
Example:
If your center frequency is 6 kHz, and your boost is 12db. You want to boost 9db at 4 kHz and also 9db at 8 kHz.
Q
= 6
kHZ
= 1.5
8 kHZ – 4 kHZ
If your center frequency is 12 kHz,
and your boost is 12db. You
want to boost 9db at 8 kHz and also 9db at 16 kHz.
Q
= 12
kHZ
= 1.5
16 kHZ – 8 kHZ
|
MIX EQ |
EFFECTS |
| 10kHz and above (Cymbals) | Decay Range |
| 7kHz Synth (String Sounds) | Sibilant |
| 5kHz (Snare wires, Vocal, Synths bell-type sound) | Presence “brightness” |
| 3kHz (guitar top end of the Kick Drum | Excitement “punch” |
| 1kHz (Snare Drum, Piano, Percussion of Hammers) | Warmth |
| 500Hz (Vocal if necessary, Mid range o Guitar solo) | |
| 250Hz (Vocal warmth, String warmth) | Bang |
| 100Hz (Kick Drum, Bass Guitar, Rhythm Guitar, Low String) | Thump |
| 80Hz | |
| 50Hz and below sub-bass parts | Thicken |
FREQUENCY |
BOOST / CUT |
VOCAL EFFECTS |
|
15 kHz or 15,000 |
Boost |
Add
air and sheen |
|
7- 10 kHz |
Boost |
Add
sibilance (“S” Sounds) |
|
6 – 8 kHz |
Boost |
Adds
presence, get a snappy sound |
|
1.25 – 8 kHz |
Boost |
Gives
vocals clarity |
|
5 kHz or 5,000 |
Boost |
Add
presence or upfront sound |
|
100 – 250 Hz |
Boost |
Adds
up-frontness, fills out the sound, boomy or chesty |
|
200 – 240 Hz |
Boost |
Add
boom |
|
120 Hz |
Boost |
Add
fullness |
|
500 – 1Khz |
Cut/dipping |
Produce
hardness |
|
800 Hz |
Cut/dipping |
Produce
presence |
|
150 – 500 Hz |
Cut/dipping |
Make
vocals boxy, hollow, or tube like |
|
100 – 200 Hz |
Cut |
Eliminate
rumbles and plosive pops |
|
|
|
|
TOO MUCH BOOST |
|
|
1 – 4 kHz |
|
Can
produce listening fatigue |
2 – 4 kHz |
|
Can
mask vocal sound such as m, b, and v |
5 – 16 kHz |
|
Can cause sibilance |
|
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© 2007, DON-T RECORDS MUSIC GROUP
